Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei have the most stringent

Special heating season: the "strictest shutdown order" in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei has come.

since November 15, 2017, the strictest "shutdown order" in history has been fully implemented, and a new round of large-scale "storm" of environmental protection and production restriction has swept Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and the surrounding "2+26" cities

for many years, for Northern China in winter, comprehensive heating means haze and war with haze. In particular, the pressure of air pollution prevention and control in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and its surrounding areas is usually escalating. The sharp increase in coal demand in winter often becomes the main factor for the increase in air pollutant emissions. In addition, the formation of stable weather is not conducive to the diffusion of pollutants, resulting in the phenomenon of "haze as soon as heating" always occurs

Li Zuojun, deputy director of the resource and Environmental Policy Research Institute of the development research center of the State Council, told the Economic Observer: "The heating season is a difficult point in energy conservation and emission reduction. Every winter, heating needs to burn coal and carbon, and haze days are likely to increase, so more powerful measures should be taken for coal combustion and pollution emissions in winter. This can offset the pressure caused by the increase in emissions in the heating season. The pressure is greater in the north, especially in Beijing Tianjin Hebei region, and coal combustion is more dispersed in some rural areas, so it is often more difficult to control."

in the view of industry experts, as far as the current environmental protection policy is concerned, how to reverse the haze associated with the heating season before mainly depends on how the Ministry of environmental protection and relevant departments respond to it, and how to truly implement emission reduction measures before the decisive battle comes

special heating season

shortly before the northern heating season officially came, the Ministry of environmental protection, together with many ministries and commissions such as the national development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of industry and information technology, and provinces and cities such as Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei jointly issued the action plan for the comprehensive treatment of air pollution in autumn and winter in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and its surrounding areas (hereinafter referred to as the "plan"), in which many measures far exceeding the previous environmental protection and production restriction measures were deployed. Li Ganjie, Minister of environmental protection, stressed that in the process of implementation, we should especially promote pressure transmission, strictly quantify assessment and accountability, and strengthen accountability

according to the objective requirements of the "tough plan", Beijing Tianjin Hebei and the surrounding "2+26" cities should fully complete the assessment indicators of the "ten atmospheric regulations" in this winter heating season. The average concentration of PM2.5 and the number of days of heavy pollution decreased by more than 15% year-on-year, of which the average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang and Xinji decreased by 25% year-on-year and the number of days of heavy pollution decreased by 20% year-on-year

recently, the Ministry of environmental protection sent the ambient air quality notification in October to the relevant provinces and urban people's governments of "2+26" cities. Among them, the average concentration of PM2.5 in 17 cities fell year-on-year, with Baoding (down 34.4%), Beijing (down 32.1%) and Shijiazhuang (down 31.0%) ranking in the top three. However, the situation is not optimistic. Among the 11 cities with an increase of PM2.5, Jincheng increased by 139.1%, followed by Handan (up 62.7%) and Jiaozuo (up 51.2%), and Handan, Shijiazhuang and Xingtai ranked among the top three with higher monthly average concentrations

according to the work deployment of the Ministry of environmental protection, if there are several heavily polluted weather processes during the heating period from November 15 this year to March 15 next year, it is easy to reduce the emission reduction ratio and destroy the emission reduction achievements. For example, from October 1 to 25 this year, the concentration of PM2.5 in Tianjin was 54 micrograms/cubic meter, with a year-on-year improvement of 24%, which was the best level over the years. However, a heavy pollution process from October 26 to 28 caused the concentration of PM2.5 to rise by 10 micrograms/cubic meter in the same month, and the average monthly concentration improved from 24% to 6.1% year-on-year. In view of this, all regions of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei attach great importance to taking emergency control measures in advance

according to previous experience, reducing the emission intensity before pollution accumulation to achieve the effect of "pollution peak cutting" is the key to achieving results in heavy pollution emergency response. The analysis of many scientific research institutions shows that taking emergency emission reduction measures days in advance can better reduce the peak concentration of PM2.5. "More importantly, all parties need to take concerted action to strengthen their work, but at the same time, they also need to ensure the needs of normal heating, so short-term measures and medium and long-term measures should be combined." Li Zuojun told the economic observer

however, Li Zuojun believes that short-term measures such as shutdown and production restriction do not solve the fundamental problems, and some fundamental measures should be taken more, such as optimizing the energy structure, improving the efficiency of energy utilization, optimizing the industrial structure, reforming boilers, "coal to gas", "coal to electricity", and so on. These fundamental measures cannot solve the problem immediately, and it is necessary to plan the layout several years in advance to effectively alleviate the pressure in the future

the strictest "shutdown order"

the above-mentioned "tough plan" of the Ministry of environmental protection clearly requires "2+26" cities and industries to fully implement the "shutdown order" in the heating season from November 15. The Economic Observer learned that on the basis of the 28 cities' production restriction, Linyi, Linfen, Xuzhou and other places have also joined the production restriction team recently, and the total number has increased to 31 cities. Before the heating season, Beijing Tianjin Hebei and its surrounding areas should complete the task of resolving excess capacity in advance, complete the elimination of 72 units and 3.98 million KW coal-fired units, and realize the separation of power or physical cut-off of flue for the eliminated coal-fired units. At the same time, steel, coking, building materials, nonferrous metals and other industries will stagger peak production. The scale and severity of the implementation of these production restriction and shutdown measures have exceeded the previous level

when it comes to limiting and stopping production, steel mills are the highlight and focus. Yang Xiaodong, general manager of Beijing Jingcheng Jiayu Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., believes that "the iron and steel industry should do a good job in environmental protection no matter what season. However, the government's administrative order to limit production by 50% during the heating period now, realistically speaking, this is very difficult for iron and steel enterprises"

according to the requirements of the "tough plan", the "2+26" city implements the classified management of iron and steel enterprises, and formulates the staggered peak production limit plan by the end of September according to the pollution emission performance level. In Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Handan, Anyang and other key cities, the iron and steel production capacity is limited by 50% in the heating season. Based on the blast furnace production capacity, the actual power consumption of enterprises is used to verify

previously, Handan, Wu'an and other places in Hebei Province began to limit the production of blast furnaces by 50% in advance; Tangshan has also announced the detailed rules of the peak staggering production plan for the heating season. In principle, it requires that the blast furnace ironmaking capacity of Tangshan city be limited by 50% from November 15 this year to March 15 next year, and the blast furnace ironmaking output will be reduced by 18.21 million tons. There are also specific requirements for the implementation of partial off peak production in the iron and Steel coking and casting industry. The coking time of coking enterprises in the heating season is extended to more than 36 hours, and that of coking enterprises located in urban built-up areas is extended to more than 48 hours

selected through online voting and expert selection has great impact on the limited production in the heating season and market price fluctuations, Li Zuojun told the economic observer, "this is indeed a contradiction and difficulty in real society. In the future, we should adopt more comprehensive means and gradually weaken administrative means. At the same time, the government should not do things simply and rudely as far as possible. That is to say, when trying to control environmental pollution, we should act according to law and take actions more scientifically and rationally."

in addition, in key environmental protection areas, the heating season of cement, brick and tile kilns, ceramics, gypsum board and other building materials industries will also be stopped under the premise of ensuring the livelihood tasks such as heating, and it is required to put forward a wider range of peak staggering production requirements. In the heating season, the production of electrolytic aluminum plants is limited by more than 30%, and that of alumina enterprises is limited by 30%; All carbon enterprises that fail to reach the special emission limit will stop production, and more than 50% of the production limit that reaches this limit will be limited; Pharmaceutical enterprises involved in the production of APIs involving VOCs emission processes, and pesticide enterprises using organic solvents in the production process involving VOCs emission processes, in principle, shut down production in the heating season

pm2.5 battle

this year is the end of the first phase of the ten atmospheric articles, and the environmental protection pressure in Beijing Tianjin Hebei region is naturally not small. On June 14, 2013, the State Council held an executive meeting, which identified ten measures for the prevention and control of air pollution, including reducing pollutant emissions; Strictly control the new energy consumption in high energy consumption and high pollution industries, which is known as the "ten articles of the atmosphere"

according to the requirements of the ten articles of the atmosphere, the concentration of fine particles in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei should be reduced by 25%, and the annual average concentration in Beijing must be controlled at about 60 micrograms/cubic meter. This puts forward stricter requirements for the environmental protection departments in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. At the regular press conference of the Ministry of environmental protection in October, the directors of environmental protection departments of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei responded respectively. Fang Li, director of the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, said that as of October 29, the average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing was 60 micrograms/cubic meter, a year-on-year decrease of 6.3%, a decrease of 34.1% over the same period in 2013, and the number of days up to the standard was 174, an increase of 4 days year-on-year. Especially in January, the concentration of PM2.5 for six consecutive months was the best level in the same period of recent five years, and created the best record of 220 days of no heavy pollution (excluding the impact of sand and dust)

in addition, wenwurui, director of Tianjin Environmental Protection Bureau, said that the concentration of PM2.5 in Tianjin had decreased to 69 micrograms/cubic meter in 2016, a decrease of 28.1% over 2013. Gaojianmin, director of the environmental protection department of Hebei Province, said that Hebei had achieved the goal of reducing PM2.5 by 25% two years in advance

according to the data, the average annual concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing in 2016 decreased from 89.5 micrograms per cubic meter in 2013 to 73 micrograms, a year-on-year decrease of 9.9%, but to reach the task of 60 micrograms per cubic meter, it needs to be reduced by 17.8% this year, which is close to twice the decline last year. In the first half of this year, the average concentration of PM2.5 in Tianjin was 71 micrograms/cubic meter, and the average concentration of PM2.5 in Hebei Province in the first October was 64 micrograms/cubic meter, a decrease of 38.5% over the same period in 2013

although there is a certain foundation for Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei to achieve the goals, it is far from being optimistic. In recent years, the management practice shows that the improvement of air quality in autumn and winter is not obvious and easy to rebound. From January to February this year, the average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing rebounded by more than 60% year-on-year. The Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau said that if it was to meet the standard by the end of the year, it would reach the best level in the same period in history in the next 10 months. The data shows that from March to now, except for September, the average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing in the other seven months is the lowest in history. However, compared with the target task of 17.8%, there is still a certain distance for Beijing to reduce the average concentration of PM2.5 by 6.3%. This means that in the next 40 days, Beijing must step up its efforts to reduce emissions again

Li Zuojun believes: "To thoroughly solve environmental problems, the environmental protection department is only one side of the force, such as improving energy efficiency, optimizing the energy structure and industrial structure with the finer sensitivity of the measuring system of the experimental machine. These problems can not be solved by the environmental protection department alone. It involves many other relevant departments. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize that more departments should coordinate and cooperate together to solve the problems from the perspective of source and comprehensive management."

efforts continue to increase

the environmental protection renovation efforts in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region are constantly increasing and upgrading

the Economic Observer learned that in order to effectively improve the air quality, the Ministry of environmental protection had previously taken a "stubble pressing" action and hit the "1+6" combination fist for the first time in autumn and winter. The central environmental protection inspector, strengthened supervision and inspection actions were linked, and the loose coal was returned to zero, the "scattered pollution" was removed, and the upgrading and reconstruction items were stepped up. The Ministry of environmental protection has made unprecedented efforts and precision in haze control

at present, 5600 person times, one-year intensified supervision action on air pollution prevention and control and the intensified supervision action on air pollution prevention and control in autumn and winter are in full swing. Together with 2480 person times, the four-month inspection action is like two "sharp arrows" released by the Ministry of environmental protection. In addition, the Ministry of environmental protection also sent 28 expert groups to 28 cities and households to guide scientific and technological breakthroughs

"environmental protection inspection is to solve the problem of the implementation of our existing laws, regulations and policies. Originally, we issued many policies, but the effect is not obvious or